Al-Kāfi

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنِ الْخَيْطِ الأَبْيَضِ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ فَقَالَ بَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ مِنْ سَوَادِ اللَّيْلِ قَالَ وَكَانَ بِلالٌ يُؤَذِّنُ لِلنَّبِيِّ (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ وَكَانَ أَعْمَى يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ وَيُؤَذِّنُ بِلالٌ حِينَ يَطْلُعُ الْفَجْرُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ صَوْتَ بِلالٍ فَدَعُوا الطَّعَامَ وَالشَّرَابَ فَقَدْ أَصْبَحْتُمْ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of ‘The white twine from the black twine.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is the whiteness of the day out of the blackness of the night.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Bilal and ibn ‘Umm Maktum would say Adhan for the Holy prophet. Ibn ‘Umm Maktum was blind and would say Adhan in the night. Bilal, however, would say Adhan when it was dawn. The Holy prophet said, ‘When you hear the voice of Bilal then stop eating and drinking, because you are in the morning.’”

4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) فِي قَوْلِ الله تَعَالَى أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلى‏ نِسائِكُمْ الآيَةَ فَقَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي خَوَّاتِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ وَكَانَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي الْخَنْدَقِ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ فَأَمْسَى وَهُوَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ وَكَانُوا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ إِذَا نَامَ أَحَدُهُمْ حُرِّمَ عَلَيْهِ الطَّعَامُ وَالشَّرَابُ فَجَاءَ خَوَّاتٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ حِينَ أَمْسَى فَقَالَ هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ طَعَامٌ فَقَالُوا لا لا تَنَمْ حَتَّى نُصْلِحَ لَكَ طَعَاماً فَاتَّكَأَ فَنَامَ فَقَالُوا لَهُ قَدْ فَعَلْتَ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَبَاتَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ فَأَصْبَحَ ثُمَّ غَدَا إِلَى الْخَنْدَقِ فَجَعَلَ يُغْشَى عَلَيْهِ فَمَرَّ بِهِ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَلَمَّا رَأَى الَّذِي بِهِ أَخْبَرَهُ كَيْفَ كَانَ أَمْرُهُ فَأَنْزَلَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهِ الآيَةَ وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ.

4. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from and Ahmad ibn Idris from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar all from Safwan ibn Yahya from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “This is about the words of Allah, most High, ‘It is lawful for you to have carnal relation with your wives during the night of the fast. . . .’ (2:187) One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said that it was revealed about the case of Khawwat ibn Jubayr al-Ansariy. He was with the Holy prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, at the time of digging the ditch and fasting. It became evening. At that time, before the revelation of this verse, if anyone slept, eating and drinking became unlawful for him. Khawwat went home to his family in the evening and asked for food. They said that it is not ready yet so you must wait until food is prepared for you. He leaned and fell asleep. They asked him, ‘Did you do it (sleep)?’ He replied, ‘Yes, I did.’ He remained in that condition until the morning, then went to work in the ditches and would faint. The Messenger of Allah passed by and asked about his condition, which he informed him of his story. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, then sent down this verse, ‘Eat and drink until the white twine appears to you from the black twine in the morning.’ (2:187)”

5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَقُلْتُ مَتَى يَحْرُمُ الطَّعَامُ وَالشَّرَابُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ وَتَحِلُّ الصَّلاةُ صَلاةُ الْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ إِذَا اعْتَرَضَ الْفَجْرُ وَكَانَ كَالْقُبْطِيَّةِ الْبَيْضَاءِ فَثَمَّ يَحْرُمُ الطَّعَامُ وَيَحِلُّ الصِّيَامُ وَتَحِلُّ الصَّلاةُ صَلاةُ الْفَجْرِ قُلْتُ فَلَسْنَا فِي وَقْتٍ إِلَى أَنْ يَطْلُعَ شُعَاعُ الشَّمْسِ فَقَالَ هَيْهَاتَ أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ تِلْكَ صَلاةُ الصِّبْيَانِ.

5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Asem ibn Humayd from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘When does it become unlawful to eat and drink for one fasting, and when does performing Salat (prayer) of the morning becomes lawful?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When dawn appears which looks like white Coptic fabrics, then eating and drinking become unlawful for a fasting person and performing the morning Salat (prayer) becomes lawful.’ I then said, ‘So we do not have time until sunrise.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘That is not it at all. Where are you going? That is the time for Salat (prayer) by children.’”

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ صَامُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فَغَشِيَهُمْ سَحَابٌ أَسْوَدُ عِنْدَ غُرُوبِ الشَّمْسِ فَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُ لَيْلٌ فَأَفْطَرُوا ثُمَّ إِنَّ السَّحَابَ انْجَلَى فَإِذَا الشَّمْسُ فَقَالَ عَلَى الَّذِي أَفْطَرَ صِيَامُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيامَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ فَمَنْ أَكَلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ اللَّيْلُ فَعَلَيْهِ قَضَاؤُهُ لأَنَّهُ أَكَلَ مُتَعَمِّداً.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah, who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a people who fast in the month of Ramadan when they are covered by a black cloud at the time of sunset and they think it is night, and discontinue their fast, then the cloud clears and the sun is there. He (the Imam) said, ‘Those who discontinued their fast are required to make Qada’ (compensatory fast) that fast; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, ‘Complete fasting by the night.’ Those who eat before the night are required to make Qada’ (compensatory fast) because it is knowingly eating.’”

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَسَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي قَوْمٍ صَامُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فَغَشِيَهُمْ سَحَابٌ أَسْوَدُ عِنْدَ غُرُوبِ الشَّمْسِ فَرَأَوْا أَنَّهُ اللَّيْلُ فَأَفْطَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ ثُمَّ إِنَّ السَّحَابَ انْجَلَى فَإِذَا الشَّمْسُ قَالَ عَلَى الَّذِي أَفْطَرَ صِيَامُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيامَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ فَمَنْ أَكَلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ اللَّيْلُ فَعَلَيْهِ قَضَاؤُهُ لأَنَّهُ أَكَلَ مُتَعَمِّداً.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Ubayd from Yunus from abu Basir and Sama‘ah, who has said the following: “This is about the case of a people who fast in the month of Ramadan when they are covered by a black cloud at the time of sunset and they think it is night and discontinue their fast; then the cloud clears and the sun is there. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Those who discontinued their fast are required to make Qada’ (compensatory fast) that fast; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, ‘Complete fasting by the night.’ (2:187) Those who eat before it is the night, are required to make Qada’ (compensatory fast) because it is knowingly eating.’”

1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ وَقْتُ سُقُوطِ الْقُرْصِ وَوُجُوبِ الإِفْطَارِ مِنَ الصِّيَامِ أَنْ يَقُومَ بِحِذَاءِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَيَتَفَقَّدَ الْحُمْرَةَ الَّتِي تَرْتَفِعُ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ فَإِذَا جَازَتْ قِمَّةَ الرَّأْسِ إِلَى نَاحِيَةِ الْمَغْرِبِ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الإِفْطَارُ وَسَقَطَ الْقُرْصُ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Ubayd from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘At the time of the fall of the disc (sunset) and obligatory breakfast, one can stand in front of al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) and look for the redness that rises from the east. When it (redness) passes overhead toward the west, breaking fast becomes obligatory and the disk has fallen (it is sunset).’”

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ ابْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَقُولُ إِذَا غَابَتِ الْحُمْرَةُ مِنْ هَذَا الْجَانِبِ يَعْنِي نَاحِيَةَ الْمَشْرِقِ فَقَدْ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ فِي شَرْقِ الأَرْضِ وَغَرْبِهَا.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and a number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from al-Qasim ibn ‘Urwah from Burayd ibn Mu‘awiyah who has said the following: “I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), say, ‘When the redness disappears from this side (the east), it is sunset all over the east and west of the earth (land).”’

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الإِفْطَارِ قَبْلَ الصَّلاةِ أَوْ بَعْدَهَا قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ يَخْشَى أَنْ يَحْبِسَهُمْ عَنْ عَشَائِهِمْ فَلْيُفْطِرْ مَعَهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ فَلْيُصَلِّ وَلْيُفْطِرْ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about breaking fast if it is before or after Salat (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘If he (the Imam) is afraid of keeping them from their dinner, first it is breaking fast with them; otherwise, first is Salat (prayer), then it is breaking the fast.’”

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَسِيَ فَأَكَلَ وَشَرِبَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قَالَ لا يُفْطِرْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ شَيْ‏ءٌ رَزَقَهُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who because of forgetfulness eats and drinks and then remembers. He (the Imam) said, ‘His fast is not destroyed. It was something Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, granted him. He is required to complete his fast (of that day).”’

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَامَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَأَكَلَ وَشَرِبَ نَاسِياً قَالَ يُتِمُّ صَوْمَهُ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاؤُهُ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah, who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about a man who because of forgetfulness when fasting in the month of Ramadan eats and drinks. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is not required to complete its Qada’ (compensatory fast).”’