The Book on Dying People
Entering and Coming out of the Grave
5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ يَدْخُلُ الرَّجُلُ الْقَبْرَ مِنْ حَيْثُ شَاءَ وَلاَ يَخْرُجْ إِلاَّ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِنَّ لِكُلِّ بَيْتٍ بَاباً وَإِنَّ بَابَ الْقَبْرِ مِنْ قِبَلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ.
5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad in a marfu‘ manner the following: “He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘One may enter a grave from whatever direction he likes, but should come out from the side where the feet are placed.’”
The Book on Dying People
People Who Should and Those Who Should Not Enter a Grave
1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِ وَالِدِهِ وَلاَ يَنْزِلُ الْوَالِدُ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Salih af-Sindiy from Ja‘far ibn Bashir from ’Abd Allah ibn Rashid who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a man may enter the grave of his father, but a father should not enter the grave of his sons.”
2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يُكْرَهُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Um ay r from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy and others who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that it is undesirable for a man to enter the grave of his sons.”
3ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لَمَّا مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله أَتَى أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) الْقَبْرَ فَأَرْخَى نَفْسَهُ فَقَعَدَ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَحِمَكَ الله وَصَلَّى عَلَيْكَ وَلَمْ يَنْزِلْ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَقَالَ هَكَذَا فَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام).
3. Ali has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah from a man who has said the following: “When Isma’il, son of abu ‘Abd Allah, passed away, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), went to the grave site, allowed his body to reach the ground, and said, ‘I pray to Allah to grant you mercy and favors.’ He did not enter the grave; and he said, ‘This is how the Holy Prophet did when Ibrahim died.’”
4ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الْقَبْرِ كَمْ يَدْخُلُهُ قَالَ ذَاكَ إِلَى الْوَلِيِّ إِنْ شَاءَ أَدْخَلَ وَتْراً وَإِنْ شَاءَ شَفْعاً.
4. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from ‘Abd Allah al-Hajjal from Tha’labah ibn Maymun from Zurarah who has said the following: “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘How many should enter a grave?’ He replied, ‘It is up to the guardian of the deceased. He may ask an odd or even number of people.’”
5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَضَتِ السُّنَّةُ مِنْ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لاَ يَدْخُلُ قَبْرَهَا إِلاَّ مَنْ كَانَ يَرَاهَا فِي حَيَاتِهَا.
5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy from ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘It is of the Sunnah (tradition) of the Messenger of Allah that no one should enter the grave of a woman except those who could see her in her lifetime.’”
6ـ سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ الزَّوْجُ أَحَقُّ بِامْرَأَتِهِ حَتَّى يَضَعَهَا فِي قَبْرِهَا.
6. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Uramah from Ali ibn Maysarah from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a husband is more rightful to place his wife in the grave.”
7ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ رَاشِدٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) حِينَ مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنُهُ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَأُنْزِلَ فِي قَبْرِهِ ثُمَّ رَمَى بِنَفْسِهِ عَلَى الأرْضِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْقِبْلَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَكَذَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ يَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِ وَالِدِهِ وَلاَ يَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ.
7. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad al-Kindiy from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan al-Mithamiy from Aban from ‘Abd Allah ibn Rashid who has said the following: “I was with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when Isma’il, his son passed away. The dead body was brought down in the grave. Thereafter he (the Imam) allowed his body to reach the ground on the side of the grave facing the direction of Qiblah. Then he said, ‘This is how the Messenger of Allah did on the death of Ibrahim.’ He then said, ‘A man may enter the grave of his father but a father, should not enter the grave of his sons.’”
8ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله الْعَنْبَرِيِّ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يَدْفِنُ ابْنَهُ قَالَ لاَ يَدْفِنُهُ فِي التُّرَابِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالابْنُ يَدْفِنُ أَبَاهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ.
8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Walid from Yahya ibn ‘Amr from ‘Abd Allah ibn Rashid from ‘Abd Allah al-‘Anbariy who has said the following: “Once I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘Can a man bury his son?’ He replied, ‘He does not bury him in the soil.’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘Can a son bury his father?’ He replied, ‘Yes, there is no offense in it.’”
The Book on Dying People
Preparation for Placing a Deceased in the Grave
1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ بِالْمَيِّتِ الْقَبْرَ فَسُلَّهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَقُلْ بِسْمِ الله وَفِي سَبِيلِ الله وَعَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) اللهمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَأَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَقُلْ كَمَا قُلْتَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ عَلَيْهِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً مِنْ عِنْدِ اللهمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ وَارْحَمْهُ وَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما الْسَّلام) إِذَا أَدْخَلَ الْمَيِّتَ الْقَبْرَ قَالَ اللهمَّ جَافِ الأرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَصَاعِدْ عَمَلَهُ وَلَقِّهِ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that you should place a deceased, after his arrival near the grave, in it from the side where you intend to place his feet. When the deceased is placed in the grave, read Ayatu al-Kursiy and say, ’(I begin) in the name of Allah, in the way of Allah and on the path of the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, make his grave comfortably spacious and join him with his prophet, who with his family are ‘Alayhim al-Salam .’ Then say what you have just said in Salah (prayer) for the deceased only once nearby, ‘O Allah, if he is a person of good deed, increase his good deeds and if he is a person of bad deeds, please forgive him, have mercy on him and ignore his sins.’ You should ask forgiveness for him as much as possible. The Imam said, ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn, Alayhi al-Salam, at the time of placing a deceased in the grave would say, “O Allah make his place spacious on both sides, accept his good deeds and grant him happiness from Your side.’””
