Al-Kāfi

8ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) رَجُلٌ لَهُ ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَلابْنٍ لَهُ مِائَتَا دِرْهَمٍ وَلَهُ عَشْرٌ مِنَ الْعِيَالِ وَهُوَ يَقُوتُهُمْ فِيهَا قُوتاً شَدِيداً وَلَيْسَ لَهُ حِرْفَةٌ بِيَدِهِ وَإِنَّمَا يَسْتَبْضِعُهَا فَتَغِيبُ عَنْهُ الأشْهُرَ ثُمَّ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ فَضْلِهَا أَ تَرَى لَهُ إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الزَّكَاةُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهَا مِنْ مَالِهِ فَيَعُودَ بِهَا عَلَى عِيَالِهِ يُسْبِغُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِهَا النَّفَقَةَ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَلَكِنْ يُخْرِجُ مِنْهَا الشَّيْ‏ءَ الدِّرْهَمَ.

8. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who has eight hundred dirham, his son has two hundred dirham. He has ten dependents to feed. He lives with difficulty and does not have any profession. He only uses his dirham as capital to earn his living. It remains idle for months. He uses his savings for his expenses. Do you consider it proper his taking from Zakat that he owes to spend and facilitate his dependents? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so, but he must take it in the form of dirham.’”

9ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَدْ تَحِلُّ الزَّكَاةُ لِصَاحِبِ السَّبْعِمِائَةِ وَتَحْرُمُ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْخَمْسِينَ دِرْهَماً فَقُلْتُ لَهُ وَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ هَذَا فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ صَاحِبُ السَّبْعِمِائَةِ لَهُ عِيَالٌ كَثِيرٌ فَلَوْ قَسَمَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ لَمْ تَكْفِهِ فَلْيُعِفَّ عَنْهَا نَفْسُهُ وَلْيَأْخُذْهَا لِعِيَالِهِ وَأَمَّا صَاحِبُ الْخَمْسِينَ فَإِنَّهُ يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا كَانَ وَحْدَهُ وَهُوَ مُحْتَرِفٌ يَعْمَلُ بِهَا وَهُوَ يُصِيبُ مِنْهَا مَا يَكْفِيهِ إِنْ شَاءَ الله.

9. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from his brother al-Hassan from Zur’ah from Sanaa ‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Sometimes it is lawful for one who has seven hundred dirham to receive Zakat but it is unlawful for one who has fifty dirham.’ I then asked, ‘How can that happen?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Sometimes the owner of seven hundred may have a large family to feed and it is not enough for them, so he can exempt himself and receive Zakat for his family. Zakat can become unlawful for the owner of fifty if he is alone and has a profession. He works and earns enough, by the will of Allah.’”

10ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ إِنَّ لَنَا صَدِيقاً وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ صَدُوقٌ يَدِينُ الله بِمَا نَدِينُ بِهِ فَقَالَ مَنْ هَذَا يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ الَّذِي تُزَكِّيهِ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ صَبِيحٍ فَقَالَ رَحِمَ الله الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ صَبِيحٍ مَا لَهُ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَهُ دَارٌ تَسْوَى أَرْبَعَةَ آلاَفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَلَهُ جَارِيَةٌ وَلَهُ غُلاَمٌ يَسْتَقِي عَلَى الْجَمَلِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مَا بَيْنَ الدِّرْهَمَيْنِ إِلَى الأرْبَعَةِ سِوَى عَلَفِ الْجَمَلِ وَلَهُ عِيَالٌ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَلَهُ هَذِهِ الْعُرُوضُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ فَتَأْمُرُنِي أَنْ آمُرَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَ دَارَهُ وَهِيَ عِزُّهُ وَمَسْقَطُ رَأْسِهِ أَوْ يَبِيعَ جَارِيَتَهُ الَّتِي تَقِيهِ الْحَرَّ وَالْبَرْدَ وَتَصُونُ وَجْهَهُ وَوَجْهَ عِيَالِهِ أَوْ آمُرَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَ غُلاَمَهُ وَجَمَلَهُ وَهُوَ مَعِيشَتُهُ وَقُوتُهُ بَلْ يَأْخُذُ الزَّكَاةَ وَهِيَ لَهُ حَلاَلٌ وَلاَ يَبِيعُ دَارَهُ وَلاَ غُلاَمَهُ وَلاَ جَمَلَهُ.

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ’Isma‘il ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz from his father who has said the following: “Once, abu Basir and I visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and abu Basir said to him (the Imam), ‘We have a friend and he is a truthful person. He follows Allah’s religion as we do.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘Who is he, O abu Basir, whom you admire?’ Abu Basir, replied, ‘He is al-‘Abbas ibn al-Walid ibn Sabih.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘May Allah grant mercy to al-Walid ibn Sabih! What has happened to him, O abu Muhammad?’ Abu Basir said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, he has a house which is valued at four thousand dirham. He has a slave-girl and slave servant who provides water every day for two to four dirham minus feed for the camel and he has a family. Can he receive Zakat?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can receive Zakat.’ Abu Basir said, ‘But he has all these assets.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘O abu Muhammad, do you command me to command him to sell his house which is for his dignity and the place of his birth? Alternatively, must he sell his slave-girl who protects him from hot and cold weather and protects him and his wife’s dignity? On the other hand, must he sell his slave and his camel, which are means for his living and expenses? In fact, he must receive Zakat and it is lawful for him. He does not have to sell his house, his slave or his camel.’”

11ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ الدَّرَاهِمُ يَعْمَلُ بِهَا وَقَدْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا الزَّكَاةُ وَيَكُونُ فَضْلُهُ الَّذِي يَكْسِبُ بِمَالِهِ كَفَافَ عِيَالِهِ لِطَعَامِهِمْ وَكِسْوَتِهِمْ لاَ يَسَعُهُ لأُدُمِهِمْ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مَا يَقُوتُهُمْ فِي الطَّعَامِ وَالْكِسْوَةِ قَالَ فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى زَكَاةِ مَالِهِ ذَلِكَ فَلْيُخْرِجْ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ فَيُعْطِيهِ بَعْضَ مَنْ تَحِلُّ لَهُ الزَّكَاةُ وَلْيَعُدْ بِمَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ وَلْيَشْتَرِ بِذَلِكَ آدَامَهُمْ وَمَا يُصْلِحُهُمْ مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ إِسْرَافٍ وَلاَ يَأْكُلْ هُوَ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ رُبَّ فَقِيرٍ أَسْرَفُ مِنْ غَنِيٍّ فَقُلْتُ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ الْفَقِيرُ أَسْرَفَ مِنَ الْغَنِيِّ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْغَنِيَّ يُنْفِقُ مِمَّا أُوتِيَ وَالْفَقِيرَ يُنْفِقُ مِنْ غَيْرِ مَا أُوتِيَ.

11. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from his brother Zur’ah from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who has a certain number of dirham which he uses in business, Zakat has become obligatory on him and his savings are enough for the expenses of his family, like food and clothes but not for cooking curry. It is only for their food and clothes. He (the Imam) said, ‘He waits for the Zakat of his assets, pays from it to the deserving beneficiaries a certain amount. What is left, he spends on his family to buy with it gravy curry for them and what is for their well being and food without excessiveness but he himself must not eat from it; because sometimes poor people act more excessively than affluent ones.’ I then asked, ‘How can that happen?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Affluent people spend from what they earn, but poor people spend without earning.’”

12ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَرْوُونَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لاَ تَحِلُّ لِغَنِيٍّ وَلاَ لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٍّ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) لاَ تَصْلُحُ لِغَنِيٍّ.

12. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘They narrate from the Holy prophet, “Charity (Zakat) is not lawful for the rich people, or resourceful strong ones.’” Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘It is not proper for the rich people.’”

13ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا يُعْطَى الْمُصَدِّقُ قَالَ مَا يَرَى الإِمَامُ وَلاَ يُقَدَّرُ لَهُ شَيْ‏ءٌ.

13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about how much is paid to Zakat collector. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is whatever the Imam deems proper. There is nothing definite about it.’”

14ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ مَمْلُوكٌ وَمَوْلاَهُ رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ وَلَهُ مَالٌ يُزَكِّيهِ وَلِلْمَمْلُوكِ وَلَدٌ صَغِيرٌ حُرٌّ أَ يُجْزِئُ مَوْلاَهُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ ابْنَ عَبْدِهِ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَقَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ.

14. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who is a Muslim and a slave and his owner is a Muslim man and he has a certain amount of asset from which he pays Zakat. The slave has a small child who is free. Can the master pay Zakat to the child of his slave? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

15ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ دَاوُدَ الصَّرْمِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ شَارِبِ الْخَمْرِ يُعْطَى مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ شَيْئاً قَالَ لاَ.

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Dawud al-Sarmiy who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), if Zakat can be given to one who consumes wine. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, Zakat cannot be given to such person.”

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ أَبِي مَسْرُوقٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ هِلاَلِ بْنِ خَاقَانَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ تَارِكُ الزَّكَاةِ وَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ مِثْلُ مَانِعِهَا وَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Haytham ibn abu Masruq from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Marwan ibn Muslim from ’Abd Allah ibn Hilal ibn Khaqan who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘One who refuses to receive Zakat, when it is obligatory on him to receive is like one who refuses to pay Zakat when it is obligatory on him to pay.”

2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ تَارِكُ الزَّكَاةِ وَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ كَمَانِعِهَا وَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from ‘Abd al-‘Azim ibn ‘Abd Allah al-‘Alaviy from al- Husayn ibn Ali from certain persons of our people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who refuses to receive Zakat, when it is obligatory on him to receive is like one who refuses to pay Zakat when it is obligatory up on him to pay.’”