Al-Kāfi

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي الأسْوَدِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) وَذَكَرَ مَسْجِدَ السَّهْلَةِ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ مَنْزِلُ صَاحِبِنَا إِذَا قَامَ بِأَهْلِهِ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hassan ibn Ali from ‘Uthman from Salih ibn abu al-Aswad who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when al-Sahlah Masjid was mentioned, said, ‘It is the dwelling of our companion when he rises (with Divine Authority).”’

3ـ عَنْهُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ بِالْكُوفَةِ مَسْجِدٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ مَسْجِدُ السَّهْلَةِ لَوْ أَنَّ عَمِّي زَيْداً أَتَاهُ فَصَلَّى فِيهِ وَاسْتَجَارَ الله لأَجَارَهُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً فِيهِ مُنَاخُ الرَّاكِبِ وَبَيْتُ إِدْرِيسَ النَّبِيِّ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) وَمَا أَتَاهُ مَكْرُوبٌ قَطُّ فَصَلَّى فِيهِ بَيْنَ الْعِشَاءَيْنِ وَدَعَا الله إِلاَّ فَرَّجَ الله كُرْبَتَهُ. وَرُوِيَ أَنَّ مَسْجِدَ السَّهْلَةِ حَدُّهُ إِلَى الرَّوْحَاءِ.

3. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Hassan ibn Bakr from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Sa‘id al-Khazzaz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that in al-Kufah there is a Masjid called al-Sahlah Masjid. ‘Had my uncle, Zayd, visited it to perform Salah (prayer) and asked Allah to grant him refuge, He would have granted him refuge for twenty years. In it is the place where the rider disembarks for rest and the house of prophet Idris. There has never been anyone suffering hardships who visited this, performed two Rak‘at Salah (prayer) between the two Salah (prayer) after sunset and appealed to Allah for help whose wishes Allah did not make to come true and remove his hardships.’” “It is narrated that the limits of al-Sahlah Masjid extend up to al-Rawha.”

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ أَنَّهُمَا قَالاَ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَ رَأَيْتَ قَوْلَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقاتُ لِلْفُقَراءِ وَالْمَساكِينِ وَالْعامِلِينَ عَلَيْها وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقابِ وَالْغارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ الله وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ فَرِيضَةً مِنَ الله أَ كُلُّ هَؤُلاَءِ يُعْطَى وَإِنْ كَانَ لاَ يَعْرِفُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الإِمَامَ يُعْطِي هَؤُلاَءِ جَمِيعاً لأَنَّهُمْ يُقِرُّونَ لَهُ بِالطَّاعَةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانُوا لاَ يَعْرِفُونَ فَقَالَ يَا زُرَارَةُ لَوْ كَانَ يُعْطِي مَنْ يَعْرِفُ دُونَ مَنْ لاَ يَعْرِفُ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهَا مَوْضِعٌ وَإِنَّمَا يُعْطِي مَنْ لاَ يَعْرِفُ لِيَرْغَبَ فِي الدِّينِ فَيَثْبُتَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَمَّا الْيَوْمَ فَلاَ تُعْطِهَا أَنْتَ وَأَصْحَابُكَ إِلاَّ مَنْ يَعْرِفُ فَمَنْ وَجَدْتَ مِنْ هَؤُلاَءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَارِفاً فَأَعْطِهِ دُونَ النَّاسِ ثُمَّ قَالَ سَهْمُ الْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَسَهْمُ الرِّقَابِ عَامٌّ وَالْبَاقِي خَاصٌّ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدُوا قَالَ لاَ تَكُونُ فَرِيضَةٌ فَرَضَهَا الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لاَ يُوجَدُ لَهَا أَهْلٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسَعْهُمُ الصَّدَقَاتُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الله فَرَضَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ فِي مَالِ الأغْنِيَاءِ مَا يَسَعُهُمْ وَلَوْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لاَ يَسَعُهُمْ لَزَادَهُمْ إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُؤْتَوْا مِنْ قِبَلِ فَرِيضَةِ الله وَلَكِنْ أُتُوا مِنْ مَنْعِ مَنْ مَنَعَهُمْ حَقَّهُمْ لاَ مِمَّا فَرَضَ الله لَهُمْ وَلَوْ أَنَّ النَّاسَ أَدَّوْا حُقُوقَهُمْ لَكَانُوا عَائِشِينَ بِخَيْرٍ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah and Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Once we both asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, in the following verse of the Holy Quran. ‘Charity funds (zakat) are only for the poor, the destitute, and the tax collectors. (It is also for the) people whose hearts are inclined (toward Islam), the slaves, those who cannot pay their debts, for the cause of Allah, and for those who have become needy on a journey. Paying zakat is an obligation that Allah has decreed. Allah is All-knowing and All-wise. ’(9:60) ‘Can all the people and cases mentioned in this verse receive zakat even though they may not believe (in Divine Authority of ’A’immah)?’ He replied, ‘The Imam gives charity to all of them; they announce their obedience to him.’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘Even if they do not acknowledge (his Divine Authority)?’ He then said, ‘O Zurarah, were he to give charity only to those who acknowledge (his Divine Authority) and not to others, there would remain no one or cases as recipient of (zakat) charity. He gives charity to those who do not acknowledge (his divine authority) so they incline to religion to become strong (in faith). However, today you and your friends give zakat only to those who acknowledge (our Divine Authority) if you find one who believes (in our Divine Authority).’ He then said, ‘The share of those who show interest in Islam and the share of slaves to be emancipated are of general nature and other shares in a charity are for certain people but not for everyone.’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘What happens if there is no recipient of zakat?’ He replied, ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has not made any charity compulsory without any recipient.’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘What happens if charity is not enough?’ He replied, ‘The amount of compulsory charity Allah has sanctioned in the properties of affluent people for the poor ones is enough. If He knew that it is not enough, He would sanction a greater amount. Shortages do not come from the amount Allah has made compulsory but it comes from non-payment. There are those who do not pay what belongs to the needy, thus, shortages are not due to the degree of Allah’s sanctioned charity for the needy. Had people paid the rights of the needy, they would have lived happy.’”

2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَأَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) لَمَّا أُنْزِلَتْ آيَةُ الزَّكَاةِ خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِمْ بِها وَأُنْزِلَتْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مُنَادِيَهُ فَنَادَى فِي النَّاسِ أَنَّ الله فَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمُ الزَّكَاةَ كَمَا فَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصَّلاَةَ فَفَرَضَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَفَرَضَ الصَّدَقَةَ مِنَ الإِبِلِ وَالْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَمِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ فَنَادَى فِيهِمْ بِذَلِكَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَعَفَا لَهُمْ عَمَّا سِوَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَفْرِضْ لِشَيْ‏ءٍ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ حَتَّى حَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحَوْلُ مِنْ قَابِلٍ فَصَامُوا وَأَفْطَرُوا فَأَمَرَ مُنَادِيَهُ فَنَادَى فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَيُّهَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ زَكُّوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ تُقْبَلْ صَلاَتُكُمْ قَالَ ثُمَّ وَجَّهَ عُمَّالَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَعُمَّالَ الطَّسُوقِ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, has said that once this verse of the Holy Quran was revealed to the Messenger of Allah. ‘Collect religious tax (zakat) from them to purify and cleanse them . . .’ (9:103) It was revealed in the month of Ramadan, the Messenger of Allah commanded his announcer to announce among people that Allah has made it compulsory on you to pay zakat (charity) just as He has made obligatory upon you to perform Salah (prayer). Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has made it compulsory to pay zakat on gold and silver; and on cattle: camel, cows, sheep; and on grains: wheat, barley, dates and raisins. The announcer announced it in the month of Ramadan. He exempted them from payment of zakat on other forms of properties.’ The Imam then said, ‘Besides, He did not make it compulsory to pay zakat on their properties before the end of the year. They completed fasting. He then commanded his announcer to announce among the Muslims, “O Muslims, pay zakat on your properties; your Salah (prayer) will be accepted.’” He said, ‘Then he (the Messenger of Allah) sent his land assessor and tax collectors among people to collect zakat.’”

3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ مُوسَى أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ مَا فَرَضَ الله عَلَى هَذِهِ الأمَّةِ شَيْئاً أَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ وَفِيهَا تَهْلِكُ عَامَّتُهُمْ.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from Rifa‘ah ibn Musa who has said the following: “I heard abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘No other obligation that Allah has made compulsory upon this nation is of more intensity than zakat. In the matter of zakat most of them face their destruction.”

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ وَغَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله جَلَّ وَعَزَّ جَعَلَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ فِي أَمْوَالِ الأغْنِيَاءِ مَا يَكْفِيهِمْ وَلَوْ لاَ ذَلِكَ لَزَادَهُمْ وَإِنَّمَا يُؤْتَوْنَ مِنْ مَنْعِ مَنْ مَنَعَهُمْ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from ibn Muskan and more than one person who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has assigned in properties of affluent people a share for the needy that is sufficient to meet their need; otherwise, He would have increased such share. Shortages come from non-payment of those who do not pay.”

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَأَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَبُرَيْدٍ وَفُضَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالاَ فَرَضَ الله الزَّكَاةَ مَعَ الصَّلاَةِ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim and abu Basir, Burayd and Fudayl who have said the following: “Abu Ja‘far and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, have said that Allah has made zakat obligatory along with Salah (prayer).”

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ مُبَارَكٍ الْعَقَرْقُوفِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَضَعَ الزَّكَاةَ قُوتاً لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَتَوْفِيراً لأَمْوَالِكُمْ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Isma’il ibn Marrar from Mubarak al-‘Aqarqufiy who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has made zakat as means of living for the needy and to increase your properties.’”

7ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَرَضَ الزَّكَاةَ كَمَا فَرَضَ الصَّلاَةَ وَلَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً حَمَلَ الزَّكَاةَ فَأَعْطَاهَا عَلاَنِيَةً لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ عَيْبٌ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَرَضَ فِي أَمْوَالِ الأغْنِيَاءِ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ مَا يَكْتَفُونَ بِهِ الْفُقَرَاءُ وَلَوْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ الَّذِي فَرَضَ لَهُمْ لاَ يَكْفِيهِمْ لَزَادَهُمْ وَإِنَّمَا يُؤْتَى الْفُقَرَاءُ فِيمَا أُتُوا مِنْ مَنْعِ مَنْ مَنَعَهُمْ حُقُوقَهُمْ لاَ مِنَ الْفَرِيضَةِ.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn al-Suwayd from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has made paying zakat compulsory as He has made performing of Salah (prayer) obligatory. If a man pays zakat publicly, it is not a blamable thing to do. It is because Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has assigned a share in the properties of affluent people for the needy enough to meet their needs. If it were in His knowledge that such share is not enough for them, He would have increased it. What the needy people face is because of withholding payment of zakat which is denying the rights of the needy, not because of the degree of the amount made compulsory.”

8ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَرَضَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ فِي أَمْوَالِ الأغْنِيَاءِ فَرِيضَةً لاَ يُحْمَدُونَ إِلاَّ بِأَدَائِهَا وَهِيَ الزَّكَاةُ بِهَا حَقَنُوا دِمَاءَهُمْ وَبِهَا سُمُّوا مُسْلِمِينَ وَلَكِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَرَضَ فِي أَمْوَالِ الأغْنِيَاءِ حُقُوقاً غَيْرَ الزَّكَاةِ فَقَالَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَالَّذِينَ فِي أَمْوالِهِمْ حَقٌّ مَعْلُومٌ فَالْحَقُّ الْمَعْلُومُ مِنْ غَيْرِ الزَّكَاةِ وَهُوَ شَيْ‏ءٌ يَفْرِضُهُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فِي مَالِهِ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَفْرِضَهُ عَلَى قَدْرِ طَاقَتِهِ وَسَعَةِ مَالِهِ فَيُؤَدِّي الَّذِي فَرَضَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَإِنْ شَاءَ فِي كُلِّ جُمْعَةٍ وَإِنْ شَاءَ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَقَدْ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَيْضاً أَقْرَضُوا الله قَرْضاً حَسَناً وَهَذَا غَيْرُ الزَّكَاةِ وَقَدْ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَيْضاً يُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْناهُمْ سِرًّا وَعَلانِيَةً وَالْمَاعُونَ أَيْضاً وَهُوَ الْقَرْضُ يُقْرِضُهُ وَالْمَتَاعُ يُعِيرُهُ وَالْمَعْرُوفُ يَصْنَعُهُ وَمِمَّا فَرَضَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَيْضاً فِي الْمَالِ مِنْ غَيْرِ الزَّكَاةِ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ الله بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَمَنْ أَدَّى مَا فَرَضَ الله عَلَيْهِ فَقَدْ قَضَى مَا عَلَيْهِ وَأَدَّى شُكْرَ مَا أَنْعَمَ الله عَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهِ إِذَا هُوَ حَمِدَهُ عَلَى مَا أَنْعَمَ الله عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ مِمَّا فَضَّلَهُ بِهِ مِنَ السَّعَةِ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ وَلِمَا وَفَّقَهُ لأَدَاءِ مَا فَرَضَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَأَعَانَهُ عَلَيْهِ.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah ibn Mehran who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has made it compulsory on affluent people to pay the share of the needy people from their properties and the affluent people will not be praised unless they pay the share of needy people. This share is zakat. Paying zakat protects their lives and because of paying zakat, they are called Muslims. However, Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has assigned other shares in the properties of the affluent people, which are other than zakat. This is what a man considers necessary to pay from his property as Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has mentioned in His book: ‘They are those who assign a certain share of their property (70:24) for the needy and the deprived (70:25).’ The ‘certain share’ is something other than zakat. It is what one considers necessary to pay to the needy. He must, however, do so according to his financial abilities and then pay what he has considered necessary. He may pay every day, every Friday or every month. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has also said, ‘The charitable men and women who give a virtuous loan to Allah will receive double from Him in addition to their honorable reward.’ (57:18) This also is something other than zakat. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said again, ‘. . . My believing servants . . . spend for the cause of their Lord, both in private and in public, out of what We have given them. . . .’ (14:31) Assistance is a form of loan, borrowing a certain item or lending a helping hand are also of matters Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has made necessary and they are other than zakat. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, ‘Those who fulfill their promise to and covenant with Allah (13:20), who maintain all the proper relations that Allah has commanded them to maintain, who have fear of their Lord and the hardships of the Day of Judgment’ (13:21). Those who pay what Allah has made compulsory have fulfilled their duties and have paid thanks to Allah for His bounties in his properties. In this way he has thanked Allah for what Allah has granted him and has given him preference over others as wealthier than others and has given him the opportunity to fulfill his duty toward Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, and has helped him to do so.”