Al-Kāfi

13ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ وَحَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْرُوقٍ قَالَ سَأَلَنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) عَنْ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ فَقَالَ لِي مَا هُمْ قُلْتُ مُرْجِئَةٌ وَقَدَرِيَّةٌ وَحَرُورِيَّةٌ فَقَالَ لَعَنَ الله تِلْكَ الْمِلَلَ الْكَافِرَةَ الْمُشْرِكَةَ الَّتِي لا تَعْبُدُ الله عَلَى شَيْ‏ءٍ.

13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn Hakim and Hammad from abu Masruq who has said the following: “Once Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) asked me about the people of Basra and asked me, ‘Who are they?’ I said, ‘They are Murji’a’, Qadriah and Harawriah’ (names of groups of certain beliefs). The Imam said, ‘May Allah condemn such nations of disbelief and paganism who have no basis for worshipping Allah.’” Note: Murji’a were those who did not believe in the true position of Amir al- Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) Qadriah believed in absolute free will and Harawriah was of the group who opposed Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.).

14ـ عَنْهُ عَنِ الْخَطَّابِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ وَأَبَانٍ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) وَعِنْدَهُ رَجُلٌ فَلَمَّا قَعَدْتُ قَامَ الرَّجُلُ فَخَرَجَ فَقَالَ لِي يَا فُضَيْلُ مَا هَذَا عِنْدَكَ قُلْتُ وَمَا هُوَ قَالَ حَرُورِيٌّ قُلْتُ كَافِرٌ قَالَ إِي وَالله مُشْرِكٌ.

14. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from al-Khattab ibn Muslimah and Aban from al-Fudayl who has said the following: “Once I went in the presence of abu Ja’far (a.s.) and saw a man with him. As I sat down, the man stood up and left. The Imam said to me, ‘O Fudayl, what is this with you?’ I asked, ‘What is he?’ The Imam said, ‘He is a Harawri .’ I asked, ‘Is he an unbeliever?’ The Imam said, ‘Yes, by Allah, he is a Mushrik (one who considers things as partners of Allah).”’

15ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ كُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ يَجُرُّهُ الإقْرَارُ وَالتَّسْلِيمُ فَهُوَ الإيمَانُ وَكُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ يَجُرُّهُ الإنْكَارُ وَالْجُحُودُ فَهُوَ الْكُفْرُ.

15. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja’far (a.s.) saying, ‘Anything that professing and submission carry is belief, and anything that denial and rejection carry is disbelief.’”

16ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) بَابٌ فَتَحَهُ الله مَنْ دَخَلَهُ كَانَ مُؤْمِناً وَمَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْهُ كَانَ كَافِراً.

16. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from al- Washsha’ from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from abu Hamza who has said the following: “I heard abu la’ far (a.s.) saying, ‘Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) is a (means of) access that Allah has prepared. Whoever approaches through this access is a believer and whoever departs is an unbeliever.’”

17ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ جَبَلَةَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ وَابْنِ سِنَانٍ وَسَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) طَاعَةُ عَلِيٍّ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) ذُلٌّ وَمَعْصِيَتُهُ كُفْرٌ بِالله قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ الله وَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ طَاعَةُ عَلِيٍّ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) ذُلاً وَمَعْصِيَتُهُ كُفْراً بِالله قَالَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَى الْحَقِّ فَإِنْ أَطَعْتُمُوهُ ذَلَلْتُمْ وَإِنْ عَصَيْتُمُوهُ كَفَرْتُمْ بِالله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.

17. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Yahya ibn al- Mubarak from ‘Abd Allah ibn Jabalah from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar and ibn Sinan and Sama’a from abu Basir from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Obedience to Ali (a.s.) is suffering (in this world) and disobedience to him is disbelief in Allah.’ It was said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, how can obedience to Ali (a.s.) be suffering and disobedience to him disbelief in Allah?’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Ali (a.s.) leads you to the truth. If you obey him you will suffer and if you disobey him you will become unbelievers in Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy.’”

18ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) بَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْهُدَى فَمَنْ دَخَلَ مِنْ بَابِ عَلِيٍّ كَانَ مُؤْمِناً وَمَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْهُ كَانَ كَافِراً وَمَنْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ فِيهِ وَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْهُ كَانَ فِي الطَّبَقَةِ الَّذِينَ لله فِيهِمُ الْمَشِيئَةُ.

18. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla ibn Muhammad from al- Washsha’ who has said that narrated to him Ibrahim ibn abu Bakr who has said the following: “I heard abu al-Hassan Musa (a.s.) saying, ‘Ali (a.s.) is a door of the doors of guidance. Whoever enters by the door of Ali (a.s.) is a believer and whoever ignors this door is an unbeliever. Whoever does not enter and does not leave is among the group about whom Allah has the will and decision.’”

19ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ الْعِبَادَ إِذَا جَهِلُوا وَقَفُوا وَلَمْ يَجْحَدُوا لَمْ يَكْفُرُوا.

19. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ibn Bukayr from Zurara from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Had the servants (of Allah) when ignorant stood on hold and did not reject or deny they would not become unbelievers.’”

20ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ نَصَبَ عَلِيّاً (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) عَلَماً بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ خَلْقِهِ فَمَنْ عَرَفَهُ كَانَ مُؤْمِناً وَمَنْ أَنْكَرَهُ كَانَ كَافِراً وَمَنْ جَهِلَهُ كَانَ ضَالاً وَمَنْ نَصَبَ مَعَهُ شَيْئاً كَانَ مُشْرِكاً وَمَنْ جَاءَ بِوَلايَتِهِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ وَمَنْ جَاءَ بِعَدَاوَتِهِ دَخَلَ النَّارَ.

20. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from Fudayl ibn Yasar from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has appointed Ali (a.s.) as a sign between Him and His creation. Whoever recognizes him is a believer, whoever denies him is a disbeliever, whoever is ignorant of him is misguided, and whoever sets up something alongside him is a polytheist. Whoever comes with his allegiance will enter Paradise, and whoever comes with enmity towards him will enter Hellfire.’”

21ـ يُونُسُ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) بَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فَمَنْ دَخَلَ بَابَهُ كَانَ مُؤْمِناً وَمَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْ بَابِهِ كَانَ كَافِراً وَمَنْ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ فِيهِ وَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْهُ كَانَ فِي الطَّبَقَةِ الَّتِي لله فِيهِمُ الْمَشِيئَةُ.

21. Yunus has narrated from Musa ibn Bukayr from abu Ibrahim (a.s.) who has said the following: “Ali (a.s.) is a door of the doors of paradise. Whoever approaches through him is a believer, those who depart him are unbelievers, and those who do not approach or leave are among the group about whom Allah has the will to decide.”

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الزُّبَيْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ وُجُوهِ الْكُفْرِ فِي كِتَابِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَالَ الْكُفْرُ فِي كِتَابِ الله عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَوْجُهٍ فَمِنْهَا كُفْرُ الْجُحُودُ وَالْجُحُودُ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ وَالْكُفْرُ بِتَرْكِ مَا أَمَرَ الله وَكُفْرُ الْبَرَاءَةِ وَكُفْرُ النِّعَمِ فَأَمَّا كُفْرُ الْجُحُودِ فَهُوَ الْجُحُودُ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَنْ يَقُولُ لا رَبَّ وَلا جَنَّةَ وَلا نَارَ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ صِنْفَيْنِ مِنَ الزَّنَادِقَةِ يُقَالُ لَهُمُ الدَّهْرِيَّةُ وَهُمُ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ وَما يُهْلِكُنا إِلا الدَّهْرُ وَهُوَ دِينٌ وَضَعُوهُ لأنْفُسِهِمْ بِالإسْتِحْسَانِ عَلَى غَيْرِ تَثَبُّتٍ مِنْهُمْ وَلا تَحْقِيقٍ لِشَيْ‏ءٍ مِمَّا يَقُولُونَ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِنْ هُمْ إِلا يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ وَقَالَ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَواءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَ أَنْذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تُنْذِرْهُمْ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ يَعْنِي بِتَوْحِيدِ الله تَعَالَى فَهَذَا أَحَدُ وُجُوهِ الْكُفْرِ وَأَمَّا الْوَجْهُ الآخَرُ مِنَ الْجُحُودِ عَلَى مَعْرِفَةٍ وَهُوَ أَنْ يَجْحَدَ الْجَاحِدُ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ حَقٌّ قَدِ اسْتَقَرَّ عِنْدَهُ وَقَدْ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَجَحَدُوا بِها وَاسْتَيْقَنَتْها أَنْفُسُهُمْ ظُلْماً وَعُلُوًّا وَقَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَكانُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ يَسْتَفْتِحُونَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَلَمَّا جاءَهُمْ ما عَرَفُوا كَفَرُوا بِهِ فَلَعْنَةُ الله عَلَى الْكافِرِينَ فَهَذَا تَفْسِيرُ وَجْهَيِ الْجُحُودِ وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ مِنَ الْكُفْرِ كُفْرُ النِّعَمِ وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى يَحْكِي قَوْلَ سُلَيْمَانَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) هذا مِنْ فَضْلِ رَبِّي لِيَبْلُوَنِي أَ أَشْكُرُ أَمْ أَكْفُرُ وَمَنْ شَكَرَ فَإِنَّما يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ رَبِّي غَنِيٌّ كَرِيمٌ وَقَالَ لَئِنْ شَكَرْتُمْ لأزِيدَنَّكُمْ وَلَئِنْ كَفَرْتُمْ إِنَّ عَذابِي لَشَدِيدٌ وَقَالَ فَاذْكُرُونِي أَذْكُرْكُمْ وَاشْكُرُوا لِي وَلا تَكْفُرُونِ وَالْوَجْهُ الرَّابِعُ مِنَ الْكُفْرِ تَرْكُ مَا أَمَرَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَإِذْ أَخَذْنا مِيثاقَكُمْ لا تَسْفِكُونَ دِماءَكُمْ وَلا تُخْرِجُونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنْ دِيارِكُمْ ثُمَّ أَقْرَرْتُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ تَشْهَدُونَ ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ هؤُلاءِ تَقْتُلُونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَتُخْرِجُونَ فَرِيقاً مِنْكُمْ مِنْ دِيارِهِمْ تَظاهَرُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالإثْمِ وَالْعُدْوانِ وَإِنْ يَأْتُوكُمْ أُسارى‏ تُفادُوهُمْ وَهُوَ مُحَرَّمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ إِخْراجُهُمْ أَ فَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتابِ وَتَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍ فَما جَزاءُ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ ذلِكَ مِنْكُمْ فَكَفَّرَهُمْ بِتَرْكِ مَا أَمَرَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِ وَنَسَبَهُمْ إِلَى الإيمَانِ وَلَمْ يَقْبَلْهُ مِنْهُمْ وَلَمْ يَنْفَعْهُمْ عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ فَما جَزاءُ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ ذلِكَ مِنْكُمْ إِلا خِزْيٌ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَيَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ يُرَدُّونَ إِلى‏ أَشَدِّ الْعَذابِ وَمَا الله بِغافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ وَالْوَجْهُ الْخَامِسُ مِنَ الْكُفْرِ كُفْرُ الْبَرَاءَةِ وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَحْكِي قَوْلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) كَفَرْنا بِكُمْ وَبَدا بَيْنَنا وَبَيْنَكُمُ الْعَداوَةُ وَالْبَغْضاءُ أَبَداً حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُوا بِالله وَحْدَهُ يَعْنِي تَبَرَّأْنَا مِنْكُمْ وَقَالَ يَذْكُرُ إِبْلِيسَ وَتَبْرِئَتَهُ مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِهِ مِنَ الإنْسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنِّي كَفَرْتُ بِما أَشْرَكْتُمُونِ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَقَالَ إِنَّمَا اتَّخَذْتُمْ مِنْ دُونِ الله أَوْثاناً مَوَدَّةَ بَيْنِكُمْ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا ثُمَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ يَكْفُرُ بَعْضُكُمْ بِبَعْضٍ وَيَلْعَنُ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضاً يَعْنِي يَتَبَرَّأُ بَعْضُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Bakr ibn Salih from al-Qasim ibn Yazid from abu ‘Amr al-Zubayri who has said the following: “Once I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) ‘Instruct me about the kinds of disbelief (mentioned) in the book of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy.’ The Imam said, ‘Disbelief in the book of Allah is of five kinds: “(1) Of disbelief is denial, which is of two kinds. (2) There is disbelief for disregarding the commands of Allah. (3) Another form of disbelief for disavowing, and (4) disbelief in the bounties is still another form of disbelief. “Disbelief for denial is (a) denial of His Lordship and it is the belief of those who say that there is no Lord, paradise and fire. It is the belief of two kinds of atheism, called Dahriah, who say, ‘It is only time that destroys us.’ (45:23) It is a religion that they made for themselves on the basis of what they felt to be good with out proof and research in any of the things they say. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘It is only what they guess, . . .’ (45:23) their religion is based on mere guessing. Allah has said, ‘Those who deny your message will not believe, whether you warn them or not.’ (2:6) They will not believe in the Oneness of Allah. This is one kind of disbelief. (b) The other kind of denial is denial of knowledge. This is when the denying person denies knowing well the truth that is established before him. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘They rejected the evidence because of their arrogance and injustice, although their souls knew it to be true. . . .’ (27:14) Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘. . . despite the fact that they had been praying for victory over the disbelievers (by the help of the truthful Prophet), they refused to accept this book, even though they knew it (to be the Truth). May Allah condemn those who hide the Truth.” (2:89) This is the explanation of two kinds of disbelief.’ “The third kind of disbelief is disbelief in the bounties as Allah, the Most High, has said quoting Sulayman, ‘. . . This is a favor from my Lord by which He wants to test whether I am grateful or ungrateful. Whoever thanks Allah, does so for his own good. Whoever is ungrateful to Allah should know that my Lord is Self-sufficient and Benevolent.’ (27:40) Allah has said, ‘If you give thanks, I shall give you greater (favors), but if you deny the Truth, know that My retribution is severe.’ (14:7) Allah has said, ‘ . . . remember Me and I shall remember you. Thank Me and do not hide the truth about Me.’ (2:152) “The fourth kind of disbelief is disbelief in the form of disregard of what Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has commanded as in the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘We made a covenant with you that you should not shed each other’s blood or expel each other from your homeland. You accepted and bore witness to this covenant, (2:84) yet you murdered each other and forced a number of your people out of their homeland, helping each other to commit sin and to be hostile to one another. When you had expelled people from their homeland and later they had been made captives (of other people), you then paid their ransom (thinking that it was a righteous deed). Allah forbade you to expel these people in the fust place. Do you believe in one part of the Book and not in the other? [They are called unbelievers due to their disregard of the commands of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, and He has ascribed them to belief but He has not accepted it and it has been of no benefit before Him] and He has said, . Those who behave in this way shall reap disgrace in this world and severe punishment on the Day of Resurrection. Allah is not unaware of things that you do.’ (2:85) “The fifth kind of disbelief is disbelief in the form of disavowing as in the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, quoting Ibrahim (Abraham), ‘We have rejected you. Enmity and hatred will separate us forever unless you believe in Allah only. . . .’ (60:4) This is disavowing. Allah has said when mentioning (the case of) Satan and his friend of man on the Day of Judgment, ‘I did not agree with your belief that I was equal to Allah. . . .’ (14:22) Allah has said, ‘. . . you believe in idols besides Allah, only out of worldly love, but on the Day of Judgment you will reject and condemn each other . . .’ (29:25) That is disavowing each other.’”