Al-Kāfi

12ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ الْكَلْبِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ الْقَصِيرِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) كُلُّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلالَةٌ وَكُلُّ ضَلالَةٍ فِي النَّارِ.

12. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Umar ibn Aban al-Kalbi from ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Qasir from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “The Holy Prophet said, ‘All innovations are misguidance and all misguidance is Hell.’”

13ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ الله إِنَّا نَجْتَمِعُ فَنَتَذَاكَرُ مَا عِنْدَنَا فَلا يَرِدُ عَلَيْنَا شَيْ‏ءٌ إِلا وَعِنْدَنَا فِيهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ مُسَطَّرٌ وَذَلِكَ مِمَّا أَنْعَمَ الله بِهِ عَلَيْنَا بِكُمْ ثُمَّ يَرِدُ عَلَيْنَا الشَّيْ‏ءُ الصَّغِيرُ لَيْسَ عِنْدَنَا فِيهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَيَنْظُرُ بَعْضُنَا إِلَى بَعْضٍ وَعِنْدَنَا مَا يُشْبِهُهُ فَنَقِيسُ عَلَى أَحْسَنِهِ فَقَالَ وَمَا لَكُمْ وَلِلْقِيَاسِ إِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ بِالْقِيَاسِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِذَا جَاءَكُمْ مَا تَعْلَمُونَ فَقُولُوا بِهِ وَإِنْ جَاءَكُمْ مَا لا تَعْلَمُونَ فَهَا وَأَهْوَى بِيَدِهِ إِلَى فِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَعَنَ الله أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ كَانَ يَقُولُ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ وَقُلْتُ أَنَا وَقَالَتِ الصَّحَابَةُ وَقُلْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَ كُنْتَ تَجْلِسُ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ لا وَلَكِنْ هَذَا كَلامُهُ فَقُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ الله أَتَى رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) النَّاسَ بِمَا يَكْتَفُونَ بِهِ فِي عَهْدِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَمَا يَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَيْهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَقُلْتُ فَضَاعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَقَالَ لا هُوَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ.

13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Ubayd from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from Sum‘a ibn Mihran who said: “I said to abu al-Hassan Musa (a.s.), ‘May Allah keep you well, in our meetings we discuss the issues and find out that for almost every thing there is something in writing with us, and that is all because of the blessings of your existence among us. We only find few small things for which we do not find any thing in writing, so we look on each other and we find certain issues similar to it then we use analogy in its best form.” <br>The Imam said, “What do you have to do with analogy? Many people before have been destroyed because of analogy.” The Imam then said, “When you face an issue and know he rule about it, deal with accordingly, and if you would have no knowledge about its rule then this.“ He pointed to his own mouth (meaning, this will give you the answer). The Imam then said, “May Allah curse Abu Hanifah who used to say, “Ali said so and so, but I said so and so. The Companions said so and so, but I said so and so.” <br>The Imam then asked me, “Have you been sitting with him?” I replied, “No, I have not sat with him but such are his statements.” I then asked him: “May Allah keep you well, did the Messenger of Allah (sw) bring to the people everything they needed in his time?” The Imam said, “Yes, and all that they will need up to the Day of Judgment.” I then said, “Is any thing lost from it?” The Imam replied, “No, it all is with the people to whom they belong.’”

14ـ عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ ضَلَّ عِلْمُ ابْنِ شُبْرُمَةَ عِنْدَ الْجَامِعَةِ إِمْلاءِ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَخَطِّ علي (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ الْجَامِعَةَ لَمْ تَدَعْ لاحَدٍ كَلاماً فِيهَا عِلْمُ الْحَلالِ وَالْحَرَامِ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ الْقِيَاسِ طَلَبُوا الْعِلْمَ بِالْقِيَاسِ فَلَمْ يَزْدَادُوا مِنَ الْحَقِّ إِلا بُعْداً إِنَّ دِينَ الله لا يُصَابُ بِالْقِيَاسِ.

14. It is narrated from him from Muhammad from Yunus from Aban from abu Shaybah who has said the following. “I heard (Imam) abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) saying, ‘Ibn Shabrama’s knowledge is lost and void before al-Jami‘ah. It is a large book that was dictated by the holy Prophet to Imam Ali (a.s.), who wrote it with his own hands. Al-Jami‘ah has left nothing for any one to say. In it is the knowledge of all lawful and unlawful matters. The people of analogy sought knowledge through analogy and it increased to their knowledge but taking them away from knowledge. The religion of Allah is not of matters to learn through analogy.”

15ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ السُّنَّةَ لا تُقَاسُ أَ لا تَرَى أَنَّ امْرَأَةً تَقْضِي صَوْمَهَا وَلا تَقْضِي صَلاتَهَا يَا أَبَانُ إِنَّ السُّنَّةَ إِذَا قِيسَتْ مُحِقَ الدِّينُ.

15. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan Yahya from ’Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj from Aban ibn Taghlib from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who said: “The Sunnah can not be analogized (with qiyas). Don't you see that a woman has to make up for her fast (missed due to menses) but she does not have to make up for the prayers (missed due to the same)? O Aban, if the Sunnah was analogized, the religion would have been destroyed.”

16ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الْقِيَاسِ فَقَالَ مَا لَكُمْ وَالْقِيَاسَ إِنَّ الله لا يُسْأَلُ كَيْفَ أَحَلَّ وَكَيْفَ حَرَّمَ.

16. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa who has said the following: “I asked (Imam) Abu al-Hassan Musa (a.s.) about the use of analogy and the Imam said, ‘What do you have to do with analogy? Allah is not asked about how he made things lawful or unlawful.’”

17ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي جَعْفَرٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ عَلِيّاً (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَالَ مَنْ نَصَبَ نَفْسَهُ لِلْقِيَاسِ لَمْ يَزَلْ دَهْرَهُ فِي الْتِبَاسٍ وَمَنْ دَانَ الله بِالرَّأْيِ لَمْ يَزَلْ دَهْرَهُ فِي ارْتِمَاسٍ قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَنْ أَفْتَى النَّاسَ بِرَأْيِهِ فَقَدْ دَانَ الله بِمَا لا يَعْلَمُ وَمَنْ دَانَ الله بِمَا لا يَعْلَمُ فَقَدْ ضَادَّ الله حَيْثُ أَحَلَّ وَحَرَّمَ فِيمَا لا يَعْلَمُ.

17. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas‘ada ibn Sadaqa who has said the following. “(Imam) abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who narrated from his father who said that Imam Ali (a.s.) said, ‘Whoever sets out for analogy his whole life will get in confusion. Whoever would practice the religion of Allah by means of analogy his whole life will pass in a drowning condition.’” Imam abu Ja‘far (a.s.) then said, “Whoever gives Fatwa on the basis of his personal opinion he has practiced the religion of Allah by means of what is not knowledge. Whoever would practice the religion of Allah without knowledge he has opposed Him by making things as lawful and unlawful by means of what he has no knowledge of.”

18ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مَيَّاحٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ إِبْلِيسَ قَاسَ نَفْسَهُ بِ‏آدَمَ فَقَالَ خَلَقْتَنِي مِنْ نَارٍ وَخَلَقْتَهُ مِنْ طِينٍ وَلَوْ قَاسَ الْجَوْهَرَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ الله مِنْهُ آدَمَ بِالنَّارِ كَانَ ذَلِكَ أَكْثَرَ نُوراً وَضِيَاءً مِنَ النَّارِ.

18. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn Yaqtin from al-Husayn ibn Mayyah from his father from abu ’Abdullah (a.s.) who has said the following. “Satan analogized himself with Adam saying, “Lord, You have created me from fire and created him from clay. In an analogical explanation if the substance from which Adam was made would be compared with fire it would come to light that it has more light and value than fire.”

19ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الْحَلالِ وَالْحَرَامِ فَقَالَ حَلالُ مُحَمَّدٍ حَلالٌ أَبَداً إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَحَرَامُهُ حَرَامٌ أَبَداً إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لا يَكُونُ غَيْرُهُ وَلا يَجِي‏ءُ غَيْرُهُ وَقَالَ قَالَ علي (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَا أَحَدٌ ابْتَدَعَ بِدْعَةً إِلا تَرَكَ بِهَا سُنَّةً.

19. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Ubayd from Yunus from Hariz from Zurara who said: “I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) about lawful and unlawful matters and he said, “Whatever Muhammad (sw) has made lawful will remain lawful forever up to the Day of Judgment, and whatever he has made unlawful will remain unlawful forever up to the Day of Judgment. There will be no one other than him and there will come no one other than him. He said that Ali (as) has said, ‘No one has established any innovations without abandoning a Sunnah.”

20ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله الْعَقِيلِيِّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الله الْقُرَشِيِّ قَالَ دَخَلَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ تَقِيسُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ لا تَقِسْ فَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ قَاسَ إِبْلِيسُ حِينَ قَالَ خَلَقْتَنِي مِنْ نَارٍ وَخَلَقْتَهُ مِنْ طِينٍ فَقَاسَ مَا بَيْنَ النَّارِ وَالطِّينِ وَلَوْ قَاسَ نُورِيَّةَ آدَمَ بِنُورِيَّةِ النَّارِ عَرَفَ فَضْلَ مَا بَيْنَ النُّورَيْنِ وَصَفَاءَ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَى الاخَرِ.

20. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ahmad ibn ‘Abdallah al-‘Aqili from ‘Isa ibn ‘Abdallah al-Qurashi who has said the following. “Once abu Hanifah came to see Imam abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who said to abu Hanifah, “O abu Hanifah, do you practice analogy as I hear you do?” Abu Hanifah replied, “Yes, I do practice analogy.” The Imam then said to him, “Do not practice it because the first person who used analogy was Satan when he said, “Lord, you have created me from fire and created him from clay.” He analogized fire with clay. If he would have analogized the light in the clay and fire he would have learned about the difference between the two lights and the excellence of one over the other.”

21ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ قَالَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَأَجَابَهُ فِيهَا فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا مَا يَكُونُ الْقَوْلُ فِيهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ مَهْ مَا أَجَبْتُكَ فِيهِ مِنْ شَيْ‏ءٍ فَهُوَ عَنْ رَسُولِ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) لَسْنَا مِنْ أَ رَأَيْتَ فِي شَيْ‏ءٍ.

21. Ali has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from Qutayba who has said the following. “A man asked Imam abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) about an issue and the Imam replied him. The man then said, “Have you considered if it had been so and so it would have been the word in it.” The Imam then said, “Wait, whatever I said in answer was from the holy Prophet (s.a.). We are not of the people, “Have you considered” in anything.” ( The Imam that they did not need reasoning process and that all they said had come to them from the holy Prophet (s.a.)